 {"id":6350,"date":"2026-08-30T20:06:50","date_gmt":"2026-08-30T20:06:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dopay.com\/?post_type=knowledgehub&#038;p=6350"},"modified":"2026-08-31T10:34:34","modified_gmt":"2026-08-31T10:34:34","slug":"how-to-legally-record-working-hours-overtime-and-shifts","status":"publish","type":"knowledgehub","link":"https:\/\/dopay.com\/en\/knowledge-hub\/how-to-legally-record-working-hours-overtime-and-shifts\/","title":{"rendered":"How to Legally Record Working Hours, Overtime, and Shifts"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<section class=\"single-blog\">\n    <div class=\"container\">\n        <div class=\"row justify-content-center\">\n                            <div class=\"content\"> \n                    <p>If an employee ever disputes their hours in front of a labor office, the law puts the burden of proof on you, not them. Not on your memory of what happened, not on a verbal understanding \u2014 on your records. If you can&#8217;t produce documented records and proof, the case is decided against you by default.<\/p>\n<p>That single rule is why working hours, overtime, and shift documentation deserve more attention than most businesses give them. This guide covers what <a href=\"https:\/\/eg.andersen.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Translation-of-Labor-law-No.-14-of-2025.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Egypt&#8217;s Labor Law No. 14 of 2025<\/a> actually requires: the legal limits on working hours, how overtime is triggered and paid, the rules around shift work, what your records need to contain, and how to build a system that protects your business instead of exposing it.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><strong>IN SHORT<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Egyptian labor law caps standard work at 8 hours a day and 48 hours a week, with overtime paid at 135% (daytime), 170% (night), or 200% (rest days and holidays) of the basic hourly rate. Employers \u2014 not employees \u2014 carry the burden of proving hours worked, which makes accurate, retained attendance records a legal necessity, not an administrative nicety. Records must be kept for a minimum of five years, cover every clock-in, break, and overtime hour, and be presented on demand during a Ministry inspection or labor dispute. Get this wrong and you&#8217;re not just risking a fine \u2014 you&#8217;re conceding the case before it starts.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_86 ez-toc-wrap-center counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">In This Article<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 eztoc-toggle-hide-by-default' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/dopay.com\/en\/knowledge-hub\/how-to-legally-record-working-hours-overtime-and-shifts\/#Legal_Working_Hour_Limits_Under_Labor_Law_No_14_of_2025\" >Legal Working Hour Limits Under Labor Law No. 14 of 2025<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/dopay.com\/en\/knowledge-hub\/how-to-legally-record-working-hours-overtime-and-shifts\/#Overtime_Regulations\" >Overtime Regulations<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/dopay.com\/en\/knowledge-hub\/how-to-legally-record-working-hours-overtime-and-shifts\/#Shift_Work_Regulations\" >Shift Work Regulations<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/dopay.com\/en\/knowledge-hub\/how-to-legally-record-working-hours-overtime-and-shifts\/#Record-Keeping_Requirements_%E2%80%94_This_Is_the_Mandatory_Part\" >Record-Keeping Requirements \u2014 This Is the Mandatory Part<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/dopay.com\/en\/knowledge-hub\/how-to-legally-record-working-hours-overtime-and-shifts\/#Overtime_Calculation_Examples\" >Overtime Calculation Examples<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/dopay.com\/en\/knowledge-hub\/how-to-legally-record-working-hours-overtime-and-shifts\/#Compliance_Checklist\" >Compliance Checklist<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/dopay.com\/en\/knowledge-hub\/how-to-legally-record-working-hours-overtime-and-shifts\/#Common_Violations_and_Penalties\" >Common Violations and Penalties<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/dopay.com\/en\/knowledge-hub\/how-to-legally-record-working-hours-overtime-and-shifts\/#Conclusion\" >Conclusion<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h1><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Legal_Working_Hour_Limits_Under_Labor_Law_No_14_of_2025\"><\/span>Legal Working Hour Limits Under Labor Law No. 14 of 2025<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n<h3>Standard working hours<\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/eg.andersen.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Translation-of-Labor-law-No.-14-of-2025.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Labor Law No. 14 of 2025<\/a> sets the legal maximum at <strong>8 hours a day and 48 hours a week<\/strong>, typically across a six-day work week. These limits exclude breaks; the 8 hours is working time, not time on-site. Most professional roles in practice run a five-day, 40-hour week by agreement, but the statutory ceiling everyone is measured against is 8 and 48.<\/p>\n<p>Break requirements are straightforward but easy to get wrong in practice: employees are entitled to a <strong>minimum one-hour break<\/strong> on any workday of six hours or more, and that break doesn&#8217;t count as working time. It can be split \u2014 30 minutes plus 30 minutes, for example \u2014 but it has to fall roughly in the middle of the day, not tacked onto the start or end of the shift where it functions as a shorter day in disguise.<\/p>\n<p>Weekly rest is a separate entitlement: a minimum of <strong>24 consecutive hours<\/strong>, usually Friday, though it can shift to Saturday where the business genuinely requires it. The key word is consecutive \u2014 splitting the rest day into scattered hours across the week doesn&#8217;t meet the requirement.<\/p>\n<h3>Ramadan special provisions<\/h3>\n<p>During Ramadan, Muslim employees work a maximum of <strong>6 hours a day<\/strong>, with no reduction in salary. Non-Muslim employees can continue on normal hours, or reduce voluntarily \u2014 the choice belongs to them, not the employer. Overtime for Muslim employees during Ramadan is calculated against the reduced six-hour baseline, not the usual eight, which matters when you&#8217;re running payroll during the month.<\/p>\n<h3>Special categories<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Women<\/strong> cannot be scheduled to work between 7:00 PM and 7:00 AM, except where the employer has secured <a href=\"https:\/\/www.labour.gov.eg\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ministry of Labour<\/a> approval for a specific exception. Maternity leave is 90 days, paid, and nursing mothers are entitled to two paid nursing breaks a day for up to two years after giving birth.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Minors under 18<\/strong> are capped at six hours a day, barred from night work entirely (7:00 PM\u20137:00 AM), guaranteed mandatory breaks, and \u2014 where they&#8217;re still in education \u2014 entitled to a schedule that accommodates it.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Hazardous work<\/strong> carries its own reductions: <strong>6 to 7 hours a day<\/strong> depending on the risk level of the role, extra compensation on top of the reduced hours, and mandatory health monitoring for anyone in the category.<\/p>\n<h1><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Overtime_Regulations\"><\/span>Overtime Regulations<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n<h3>When overtime applies<\/h3>\n<p>Overtime is triggered by either of two conditions: working beyond <strong>8 hours in a single day<\/strong> or beyond <strong>48 hours in a week<\/strong> \u2014 whichever threshold is crossed first. Both triggers are independent; an employee who works 9 hours on a Tuesday has earned overtime for that day even if their weekly total stays under 48.<\/p>\n<h3>Overtime rates \u2014 the part that gets audited<\/h3>\n<p>This is the section worth getting exactly right, because it&#8217;s also the section labor inspectors check first.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\">\n<table class=\"has-fixed-layout\" style=\"height: 286px;\" width=\"648\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>Overtime type<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>When it applies<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>Minimum rate<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>Example (EGP 25\/hr basic)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Daytime overtime<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">7:00 AM \u2013 10:00 PM, regular working days<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">135%<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">EGP 33.75\/hour<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Nighttime overtime<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">10:00 PM \u2013 7:00 AM<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">170%<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">EGP 42.50\/hour<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Weekly rest day \/ public holiday<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Friday or an official holiday<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">200%<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">EGP 50.00\/hour<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Ramadan overtime (Muslim employees)<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Beyond the 6-hour Ramadan limit, daytime<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">135%<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">EGP 33.75\/hour<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n<p><strong>Critical calculation notes:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Overtime is calculated on <strong>basic salary only<\/strong> \u2014 allowances, bonuses, and benefits are excluded from the base<\/li>\n<li>The hourly rate formula is = <strong>monthly basic salary \u00f7 30 days \u00f7 8 hours<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Where more than one premium could apply \u2014 night work that also falls on a rest day, for instance \u2014 you pay the <strong>higher<\/strong> of the two rates, not both stacked together<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Overtime limits<\/h3>\n<p>The general cap is <strong>2 hours of overtime per day<\/strong>. That can be extended to 3 hours with Ministry approval, and in genuinely exceptional circumstances \u2014 emergencies, seasonal harvests, and similar cases \u2014 up to 12 hours a day, but only with a formal application to the Ministry justifying the exception. Routine overtime beyond 2 hours without the Ministry\u2019s approval is a compliance gap, not a gray area.<\/p>\n<p>Restrictions apply on top of the general cap: women face limits on overtime, particularly at night; minors are not permitted to work overtime at all; and pregnant employees cannot be scheduled for overtime after their sixth month of pregnancy.<\/p>\n<h3>Overtime consent \u2014 what each side can and can&#8217;t do<\/h3>\n<p>Employees can refuse overtime that exceeds the legal limits and cannot be disciplined or terminated for that refusal. Asking someone to work illegal hours and penalizing them for declining is itself a violation. Within the legal limits, though, employers can require reasonable overtime and can discipline an employee who refuses it without cause. What employers cannot do, under any circumstance, is get the rate wrong \u2014 the obligation to pay employees correctly holds regardless of how the hours were assigned.<\/p>\n<h1><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Shift_Work_Regulations\"><\/span>Shift Work Regulations<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n<h3>Types of shift work<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Fixed shifts<\/strong> assign an employee permanently to one block \u2014 commonly morning (6:00 AM\u20132:00 PM), afternoon (2:00 PM\u201310:00 PM), or night (10:00 PM\u20136:00 AM). <strong>Rotating shifts<\/strong> move employees through these blocks on a weekly or monthly cycle, with the schedule shared in advance. <strong>Split shifts<\/strong> break the workday into non-consecutive periods \u2014 7:00\u201311:00 AM then 5:00\u20139:00 PM, for example \u2014 with the unpaid gap in between; the total time actually worked still can&#8217;t exceed the standard 8-hour limit.<\/p>\n<h3>What good shift scheduling looks like<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Scheduling:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u2610\u00a0 Schedules provided at least 24 hours in advance<\/p>\n<p>\u2610\u00a0 Changes to a published schedule require employee consent<\/p>\n<p>\u2610\u00a0 Emergency exceptions are allowed, but must be documented at the time<\/p>\n<p><strong>Shift premiums<\/strong> (market practice, not a legal requirement, but standard enough that skipping them creates a retention problem):<\/p>\n<p>\u2610\u00a0 Night shift allowance: commonly 20\u201330% on top of base pay<\/p>\n<p>\u2610\u00a0 Weekend shifts: typically carry extra compensation<\/p>\n<p>\u2610\u00a0 Split shifts: often need a premium to remain attractive to staff<\/p>\n<p><strong>Breaks within shifts:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u2610\u00a0 The same 1-hour minimum break applies<\/p>\n<p>\u2610\u00a0 Shorter, 6-hour shifts can use a 30-minute break instead<\/p>\n<p>\u2610\u00a0 An additional short break is recommended, though not mandated, for night shift workers<\/p>\n<p><strong>Health and safety:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u2610\u00a0 Rotate shifts rather than leaving the same employees on permanent night work<\/p>\n<p>\u2610\u00a0 Provide health checks for employees regularly working nights<\/p>\n<p>\u2610\u00a0 Ensure adequate lighting and facilities across every shift, not just daytime ones<\/p>\n<p>\u2610\u00a0 Arrange transportation for late-night shift employees where public transport isn&#8217;t a safe option<\/p>\n<h1><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Record-Keeping_Requirements_%E2%80%94_This_Is_the_Mandatory_Part\"><\/span>Record-Keeping Requirements \u2014 This Is the Mandatory Part<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n<h3>What must be recorded, every single day<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Daily attendance records<\/strong> need to capture:<\/p>\n<p>\u2610\u00a0 Employee name and ID<\/p>\n<p>\u2610\u00a0 Date<\/p>\n<p>\u2610\u00a0 Clock-in time (actual arrival, not scheduled start)<\/p>\n<p>\u2610\u00a0 Clock-out time (actual departure)<\/p>\n<p>\u2610\u00a0 Break times<\/p>\n<p>\u2610\u00a0 Total hours worked<\/p>\n<p>\u2610\u00a0 Overtime hours, if any<\/p>\n<p>\u2610\u00a0 Absences or late arrivals<\/p>\n<p>\u2610\u00a0 <strong>Employee signature (paper records) or digital confirmation (electronic records)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Weekly or monthly summaries<\/strong> should roll this up into: total hours worked, regular hours, overtime hours broken out by type (day \/ night \/ weekend), absences, and any taken leave(s).<\/p>\n<h3>Acceptable record-keeping methods<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Manual sign-in sheets<\/strong> \u2014 pre-printed forms, signed in and out, verified by a supervisor, and filed. Low cost and simple to start, but easy to forge, slow to calculate from, and the most time-consuming option to maintain at scale.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Time clocks or punch cards<\/strong> \u2014 mechanical or electronic, stamping a physical card that&#8217;s filed weekly. Harder to falsify than a sign-in sheet and gives an automatic timestamp, but &#8220;buddy punching&#8221; (one employee clocking in for another) remains possible, and totals still need manual calculation.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Biometric systems<\/strong> \u2014 fingerprint or facial recognition, producing a digital record with automatic calculation. Effectively impossible to fake, accurate, and it integrates directly with payroll. The trade-off is a higher upfront cost.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Digital apps or software<\/strong> \u2014 mobile or web-based, with optional GPS verification and real-time tracking. This is the most accurate option available, calculates overtime automatically, and is the only practical choice once you have employees working remotely or across multiple sites.<\/p>\n<p>The law doesn&#8217;t mandate a specific method \u2014 a compliant sign-in sheet is legally acceptable. What it does require is that whatever method you use captures the required fields accurately and can be presented and submitted on demand.<\/p>\n<h3>Retention requirements<\/h3>\n<p>Attendance records, overtime records, payroll records, and leave records must all be retained for a <strong>minimum of five years<\/strong> \u2014 longer is recommended and costs you almost nothing beyond storage. The five-year minimum isn&#8217;t an arbitrary number: employees can file claims up to five years after leaving the company, labor court cases can run for years before resolving, Ministry inspections routinely look back across multiple years, and tax and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nosi.gov.eg\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">NOSI<\/a> audits require documentary proof going back that far.<\/p>\n<p>Store records in a secure, locked location, protected from fire and water damage, organized well enough to retrieve a specific employee&#8217;s file quickly, and backed up digitally \u2014 a filing cabinet with no digital backup is one flood away from an unwinnable dispute.<\/p>\n<h3>What happens when a dispute reaches a labor office<\/h3>\n<p><strong>The burden of proof sits with the employer, not the employee.<\/strong> If you cannot demonstrate how many hours someone worked and that they were paid correctly for those hours, the labor court rules in the employee&#8217;s favor by default. Complete, accurate records are your protection. Missing records are, functionally, a guilty plea.<\/p>\n<p>The disputes that come up are predictable: an employee claims they worked 10 hours on a day you have down as 8; that they worked every Friday when your records show only some; that overtime they&#8217;re owed was never paid. Your defense in every one of these cases is the same: a signed attendance sheet or digital log showing the actual hours, time clock data, overtime authorization forms, and pay slips that show overtime paid and broken out by rate.<\/p>\n<p>Without those records, the court believes the employee&#8217;s account, you pay the amount claimed plus applicable penalties, and you cover the legal costs of losing a case you may not have actually been wrong about \u2014 you simply couldn&#8217;t prove it.<\/p>\n<h1><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Overtime_Calculation_Examples\"><\/span>Overtime Calculation Examples<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n<p>The formula stays constant: <strong>hourly rate = monthly basic salary \u00f7 30 \u00f7 8<\/strong>, then multiply by the applicable overtime percentage and the number of overtime hours. Four worked examples:<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\">\n<table class=\"has-fixed-layout\" style=\"height: 289px;\" width=\"655\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>Scenario<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>Basic monthly salary<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>Hourly rate<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>OT type &amp; rate<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>OT hours<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>OT pay<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Regular day, 2 extra hours<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">EGP 6,000<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">EGP 25.00<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Daytime, 135%<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">2<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">EGP 67.50<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Evening shift, 1 extra hour<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">EGP 8,000<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">EGP 33.33<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Night, 170%<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">1<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">EGP 56.67<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Called in on Friday<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">EGP 5,000<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">EGP 20.83<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Rest day, 200%<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">6<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">EGP 250.00<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Ramadan, beyond 6-hour limit<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">EGP 7,000<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">EGP 29.17<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Ramadan daytime, 135%<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">2<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">EGP 78.76<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n<p>Notice that the rate itself never changes based on how much someone earns \u2014 a junior employee on EGP 5,000 and a senior one on EGP 8,000 both get exactly 135%, 170%, or 200% of their own basic hourly rate. What changes is the hourly figure you&#8217;re applying the percentage to. Getting that base number wrong \u2014 by including allowances that should be excluded, for instance \u2014 throws off every overtime calculation that follows from it.<\/p>\n<h1><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Compliance_Checklist\"><\/span>Compliance Checklist<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n<p><strong>Daily<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u2610\u00a0 Record all employee clock-in\/clock-out times<\/p>\n<p>\u2610\u00a0 Note any late arrivals or early departures<\/p>\n<p>\u2610\u00a0 Document break times<\/p>\n<p>\u2610\u00a0 Calculate overtime hours as they occur<\/p>\n<p>\u2610\u00a0 Get overtime pre-approved by a manager, in writing<\/p>\n<p><strong>Weekly<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u2610\u00a0 Verify weekly hour totals don&#8217;t exceed 48<\/p>\n<p>\u2610\u00a0 Confirm the weekly rest day was actually provided<\/p>\n<p>\u2610\u00a0 Calculate overtime by type \u2014 day, night, weekend<\/p>\n<p>\u2610\u00a0 Submit overtime figures for payroll processing<\/p>\n<p><strong>Monthly<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u2610\u00a0 Reconcile attendance records against payroll<\/p>\n<p>\u2610\u00a0 Verify overtime rates were applied correctly<\/p>\n<p>\u2610\u00a0 Confirm pay slips show a clear overtime breakdown<\/p>\n<p>\u2610\u00a0 File attendance records securely<\/p>\n<p>\u2610\u00a0 Update overtime accruals where relevant<\/p>\n<p><strong>Annually<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u2610\u00a0 Review the full year&#8217;s overtime records<\/p>\n<p>\u2610\u00a0 Confirm retention compliance (5+ years, all categories)<\/p>\n<p>\u2610\u00a0 Audit a sample of calculations for accuracy<\/p>\n<p>\u2610\u00a0 Update internal policies for any changes to the law<\/p>\n<p>\u2610\u00a0 Train managers on current requirements<\/p>\n<p><strong>Red flags worth investigating immediately:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u26a0\u00a0 Overtime regularly exceeding 2 hours a day without Ministry approval<\/p>\n<p>\u26a0\u00a0 Overtime being worked with no written authorization on file<\/p>\n<p>\u26a0\u00a0 Employees working seven days a week without a rest day<\/p>\n<p>\u26a0\u00a0 Night work being paid at the standard rate instead of 170%<\/p>\n<p>\u26a0\u00a0 Gaps or missing periods in attendance records<\/p>\n<p>\u26a0\u00a0 Women scheduled for night shifts without documented Ministry approval<\/p>\n<p>\u26a0\u00a0 Minors recorded as working any overtime at all<\/p>\n<h1><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Common_Violations_and_Penalties\"><\/span>Common Violations and Penalties<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n<p><strong>Violation #1: Not paying overtime.<\/strong> This is the most direct violation and the easiest for an inspector or a former employee to prove once attendance records exist. Liability includes the unpaid amount, retroactive penalties, and \u2014 if it&#8217;s a pattern rather than a one-off \u2014 increased scrutiny of your broader payroll practices.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Violation #2: Applying the wrong overtime rate.<\/strong> Paying 135% when 170% or 200% applied is still a violation, even if some overtime was paid. Inspectors and courts calculate the shortfall, not just whether a payment was made at all.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Violation #3: No attendance records.<\/strong> On its own, this converts almost any wage dispute into an automatic loss, because there&#8217;s nothing to counter the employee&#8217;s version of events with.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Violation #4: Exceeding working hour limits.<\/strong> Running employees past 8 hours a day or 48 hours a week without treating the excess as overtime \u2014 or without valid Ministry-approved exceptions \u2014 is a standalone violation independent of whether the extra time was paid at all.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Violation #5: Illegal night work.<\/strong> Scheduling women or minors for night hours without the required approval (or, for minors, under any circumstances) carries its own penalties on top of any wage-related findings.<\/p>\n<p>In practice, violations rarely arrive alone. A company with weak record-keeping tends to also be miscalculating rates and exceeding hour limits, because the same gap in discipline produces all three. Fixing the record-keeping foundation tends to surface \u2014 and fix \u2014 the other issues at the same time.<\/p>\n<h1><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Conclusion\"><\/span>Conclusion<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n<p>Working hours and overtime look like a straightforward compliance topic until the day an employee disputes their pay at a labor office \u2014 and then the only thing that matters is whether your records can speak for you. The rates aren&#8217;t complicated (135%, 170%, 200%, calculated on basic salary), and the record-keeping requirements aren&#8217;t either: capture the real hours every day, retain them for at least five years, and be ready to produce them without scrambling.<\/p>\n<p>The businesses that get burned aren&#8217;t usually the ones deliberately underpaying overtime. They&#8217;re the ones who never built a habit of documenting it \u2014 and found out what that costs only when it was too late to fix. Build the habit now while it&#8217;s still just good practice and not damage control.<\/p>\n                <\/div>\n                      \n        <\/div>\n     \n      \n    <\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n\n\n<section class=\"watching default-background\" id=\"watching_video\">\n    <div class=\"container\">\n        <div class=\"row\">\n            <div class=\"col-12 section-title d-flex justify-content-center flex-column align-items-center p-0\">\n                \n                                    <h2 class=\"mb-0 text-center\">Stay on top of your employees&#8217; working hours, shifts, and overtime <\/h2>\n                                <div class=\"spacer-25\"><\/div>\n                                    <h3 class=\"font-24 font-weight-400 w-100 px-1 text-center mb-0\">Our teams at dopay can help you seamlessly keep track of your employees&#8217; payroll, with each type of compensations specified and accurately categorized for better audit results. <\/h3>\n                         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class=\"nav-item\">\n                  <a class=\"nav-link d-flex align-items-center justify-content-between active\"\n                     href=\"#\"\n                     data-category-target=\"category-1\">\n                    How to Legally Record Working Hours, Overtime, and Shifts                  <span>\n                    <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10\" height=\"12\" viewBox=\"0 0 10 18\" fill=\"none\">\n                      <path d=\"M2 2L8 9L2 16\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/>\n                    <\/svg>\n                  <\/span>\n                <\/a>\n                <\/li>\n                          <\/ul>\n          <\/div>\n\n          <!-- Mobile Dropdown -->\n          <div class=\"faq-categories-dropdown mb-4 \">\n            <select class=\"form-select faq-categories-select\">\n                              <option value=\"category-1\" selected>\n                  How to Legally Record Working Hours, Overtime, and Shifts                <\/option>\n                          <\/select>\n          <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n\n        <!-- Questions & Answers Accordion -->\n        <div class=\"col-lg-8 mt-4 mt-lg-0\">\n          <div class=\"faq-content\">\n                          <div id=\"category-1\"\n                   class=\"faq-category-content \">\n\n                                  <div class=\"accordion\" id=\"faqAccordion-1\">\n                                                                <div class=\"accordion-item\">\n                        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"heading-1-1\">\n                          <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\"\n                                  type=\"button\"\n                                  data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\"\n                                  data-bs-target=\"#collapse-1-1\"\n                                  aria-expanded=\"false\"\n                                  aria-controls=\"collapse-1-1\">\n                            Can we use a simple Excel sheet to record working hours?                          <\/button>\n                        <\/h2>\n                        <div id=\"collapse-1-1\"\n                             class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\"\n                             aria-labelledby=\"heading-1-1\"\n                             data-bs-parent=\"#faqAccordion-1\">\n                          <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n                            <p>Yes \u2014 it&#8217;s legally acceptable as long as it contains every required field (name, date, times, signatures), is retained for 5+ years, can be produced during an inspection, and stays accurate and unaltered. A digital signature or manager verification strengthens it. A well-kept spreadsheet beats no records at all, but a dedicated digital system is more reliable at scale and harder to dispute.<\/p>\n                          <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n                      <\/div>\n                                                                <div class=\"accordion-item\">\n                        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"heading-1-2\">\n                          <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\"\n                                  type=\"button\"\n                                  data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\"\n                                  data-bs-target=\"#collapse-1-2\"\n                                  aria-expanded=\"false\"\n                                  aria-controls=\"collapse-1-2\">\n                            What if an employee refuses to sign the attendance sheet?                          <\/button>\n                        <\/h2>\n                        <div id=\"collapse-1-2\"\n                             class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\"\n                             aria-labelledby=\"heading-1-2\"\n                             data-bs-parent=\"#faqAccordion-1\">\n                          <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n                            <p>Note the refusal on the sheet itself, with the date and a witness signature. The employee&#8217;s signature confirms accuracy, but it isn&#8217;t required for the record to be valid. Digital systems \u2014 fingerprint or app-based \u2014 remove this issue entirely, since there&#8217;s no signature step to refuse. You can also discipline an employee for refusing a reasonable, standard workplace procedure.<\/p>\n                          <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n                      <\/div>\n                                                                <div class=\"accordion-item\">\n                        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"heading-1-3\">\n                          <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\"\n                                  type=\"button\"\n                                  data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\"\n                                  data-bs-target=\"#collapse-1-3\"\n                                  aria-expanded=\"false\"\n                                  aria-controls=\"collapse-1-3\">\n                            Do we owe overtime to salaried employees or only hourly ones?                          <\/button>\n                        <\/h2>\n                        <div id=\"collapse-1-3\"\n                             class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\"\n                             aria-labelledby=\"heading-1-3\"\n                             data-bs-parent=\"#faqAccordion-1\">\n                          <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n                            <p>All employees are entitled to overtime compensation, regardless of whether they&#8217;re paid hourly or on a monthly salary. The only real exemption is senior management as defined under the Labor Law \u2014 genuine executives, board members, and similarly senior roles. &#8220;Salaried&#8221; is not, on its own, an exemption in Egypt the way it can be in some other jurisdictions.<\/p>\n                          <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n                      <\/div>\n                                                                <div class=\"accordion-item\">\n                        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"heading-1-4\">\n                          <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\"\n                                  type=\"button\"\n                                  data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\"\n                                  data-bs-target=\"#collapse-1-4\"\n                                  aria-expanded=\"false\"\n                                  aria-controls=\"collapse-1-4\">\n                            Can we give time off instead of paying overtime?                          <\/button>\n                        <\/h2>\n                        <div id=\"collapse-1-4\"\n                             class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\"\n                             aria-labelledby=\"heading-1-4\"\n                             data-bs-parent=\"#faqAccordion-1\">\n                          <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n                            <p>Only with the employee&#8217;s written consent, and only within the same month the overtime was worked \u2014 you can&#8217;t unilaterally impose &#8220;compensation time,&#8221; and most employees prefer cash. If you do offer time off, it has to reflect the same premium rate: 2 hours of overtime at 135%, for example, converts to 2.7 hours of paid time off, not a flat two-hour swap.<\/p>\n                          <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n                      <\/div>\n                                                                <div class=\"accordion-item\">\n                        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"heading-1-5\">\n                          <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\"\n                                  type=\"button\"\n                                  data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\"\n                                  data-bs-target=\"#collapse-1-5\"\n                                  aria-expanded=\"false\"\n                                  aria-controls=\"collapse-1-5\">\n                            How do we calculate overtime for employees on a monthly salary?                          <\/button>\n                        <\/h2>\n                        <div id=\"collapse-1-5\"\n                             class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\"\n                             aria-labelledby=\"heading-1-5\"\n                             data-bs-parent=\"#faqAccordion-1\">\n                          <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n                            <p>Use the standard formula: monthly basic salary \u00f7 30 days \u00f7 8 hours to get the hourly rate, then apply the relevant overtime multiplier to that figure. Base the calculation on basic salary only \u2014 allowances are excluded. Being on a monthly salary changes the calculation method, not whether overtime applies.<\/p>\n                          <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n                      <\/div>\n                                                                <div class=\"accordion-item\">\n                        <h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"heading-1-6\">\n                          <button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\"\n                                  type=\"button\"\n                                  data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\"\n                                  data-bs-target=\"#collapse-1-6\"\n                                  aria-expanded=\"false\"\n                                  aria-controls=\"collapse-1-6\">\n                            What if we discover we&#039;ve been underpaying overtime for years?                          <\/button>\n                        <\/h2>\n                        <div id=\"collapse-1-6\"\n                             class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\"\n                             aria-labelledby=\"heading-1-6\"\n                             data-bs-parent=\"#faqAccordion-1\">\n                          <div class=\"accordion-body\">\n                            <p>Stop the practice immediately and correct it going forward. For the historical underpayment, you generally have two paths: voluntarily correct and pay affected employees, which demonstrates good faith, or wait and risk employees filing claims later, which tends to add penalties on top of the original shortfall. The statute of limitations is five years, so self-correcting sooner limits your risks. If the amount involved is significant, it&#8217;s worth getting specific legal advice before deciding how to proceed.<\/p>\n                          <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n                      <\/div>\n                                      <\/div>\n                \n              <\/div>\n                      <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n          <\/div>\n  <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n    <script type=\"application\/ld+json\">\n      {\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@type\":\"FAQPage\",\"mainEntity\":[{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Can we use a simple Excel sheet to record working hours?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Yes \\u2014 it&#8217;s legally acceptable as long as it contains every required field (name, date, times, signatures), is retained for 5+ years, can be produced during an inspection, and stays accurate and unaltered. A digital signature or manager verification strengthens it. A well-kept spreadsheet beats no records at all, but a dedicated digital system is more reliable at scale and harder to dispute.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"What if an employee refuses to sign the attendance sheet?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Note the refusal on the sheet itself, with the date and a witness signature. The employee&#8217;s signature confirms accuracy, but it isn&#8217;t required for the record to be valid. Digital systems \\u2014 fingerprint or app-based \\u2014 remove this issue entirely, since there&#8217;s no signature step to refuse. You can also discipline an employee for refusing a reasonable, standard workplace procedure.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Do we owe overtime to salaried employees or only hourly ones?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"All employees are entitled to overtime compensation, regardless of whether they&#8217;re paid hourly or on a monthly salary. 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